Ebbers & Denton (2008) specify that explicit instruction typically includes:
- A statement of the objective or purpose of the lesson, including a rational for learning.
- Modelling of skills and strategies, including clear explanation of concepts with examples and non- examples.
- Guided practice with teacher scaffolding.
- Specific positive feedback to confirm correct responses or clear corrective feedback to clarify misconceptions.
- Independent practice with teacher monitoring (returning to guided practice if the student is not successful).
- Teaching students how they can generalise the learning or use it in different situations.
- Monitoring student learning to assure that critical concepts and skills are mastered.
- Periodic cumulative review with multiple opportunities for practice.